Next-gen Combat Aircraft Development Gains Momentum

The UK launched its £2 billion ($2.5 billion) Future Combat Air System Technology Initiative in 2018. Team Tempest—the UK Defense Ministry, Royal Air Force, BAE Systems, MBDA, Rolls-Royce and Leonardo—is also in talks with Sweden and Saab about joining the program. The team was to present its strategic outline business case at the end of 2018. The FCAS main-gate procurement decision is set for 2025 and service entry targeted for 2035.  

The U.S. Air Force and Navy are slated to complete separate analyses of alternatives in fiscal 2019. They are studying manned, unmanned and optionally manned options. The Air Force has backed away from talking about a Penetrating Counter Air platform, now calling its requirement the Air Superiority Family of Systems. The Navy says NGAD for Next Generation Air Defense, or F/A-XX, will replace the F/A-18E/F and EA-18G in the mid-2030s.

Japan’s Future Fighter, a heavy twin-engine combat aircraft, is intended to replace its Mitsubishi F-2s. Tokyo is weighing whether to develop the fighter entirely indigenously or with an international partner. A decision is expected in 2019. The fighter is scheduled to fly in 2025 and enter service in 2030. Lockheed Martin is reportedly offering an F-22 variant with a big wing, Japanese avionics and engines based on IHI’s 33,000-lb.-thrust XF9-1 demonstrator.

Spain plans to join the Future Combat Air System being developed by France and Germany. Concept and architecture studies are scheduled to begin in early 2019. Airbus and Dassault are working on the twin-engine Next-Generation Fighter, which is stealthy, supersonic, maneuverable and manned, and powered by a Safran/MTU 30,000-lb.-thrust-class variable-cycle engine. The demonstrator is planned to fly in 2025-26, and the FCAS would enter service in 2040.

Turkish Aerospace Industries is developing the twin-engine, 60,000-lb.-class TF-X to replace its F-16s. Prototypes will reportedly be powered by General Electric F110s, so they can still meet the schedule to fly in 2023. Turkey has meanwhile launched development of a domestic engine with national consortium TR Motor. Service entry is planned after 2030.

Korea Aerospace Industries is developing the KF-X to replace F-4s and F-5s. The fighter will have a maximum takeoff weight of 56,000 lb. and be powered by two 22,000-lb.-thrust General Electric F414s. KF-X will carry European Meteor and IRIS-T air-to-air missiles. The KF-X is planned to fly in 2022 and enter service in 2026. Indonesia is a partner on the program, but it is renegotiating how to pay for its share of the cost.