BEIJING — Chinese development engineers encountered great challenges in developing the main engine for Chang’e 3 lunar probe, says the chief designer for the propulsion program, Jin Guangming.

HOUSTON — U.S. astronauts aboard the International Space Station area readying their NASA spacesuits, including the protective garment that leaked water into a helmet during a July 16 excursion, for a series of spacewalks intended to repair a crippled external cooling system.

BEIJING — China’s Chang’e 3 lunar probe, despite encountering unexpectedly extreme temperature disparities on the Moon’s surface, has six of its eight scientific instruments activated and operating properly. Optical and ultraviolet imaging experiments have begun, but as of Dec. 17 controllers had not yet activated an alpha particle X-ray spectrometer and an imaging spectrometer operating in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The probe arrived on the Moon on Dec. 14 GMT.

Sierra Nevada Corp. (SNC) has completed all its milestones under NASA’s Commercial Crew Development 2 (CCDev2) program, which culminated in the first free-flight test and runway landing of its Dream Chaser spacecraft. Other milestones in the development of the reusable, lifting-body human spacecraft included a systems requirement review, flight simulator development, the creation of a vehicle avionics integration laboratory, a system definition review, a flight control integration laboratory and a preliminary design review, the company said Dec. 16.

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Engineers at Marshall Space Flight Center exerted almost 1 million lb. of force on a simulated rocket tank before it failed in the second round of testing designed to improve design models and take weight out of the heavy-lift Space Launch System (SLS) and other vehicles.

HOUSTON — NASA began testing software patches intended to restore fine control over a crippled external cooling loop aboard the International Space Station on Dec. 17, while setting Dec. 21 to begin a three-spacewalk repair campaign. At the same time, NASA postponed until January plans for the Orbital Sciences “ORB-1” resupply mission to the six-person orbiting laboratory.

Rep. Frank Wolf (R-Va.), a sharp critic of NASA management and a vocal human rights advocate, announced Dec. 17 he will not seek re-election next year. Wolf’s decision opens the chair of the House Appropriations subcommittee that funds the U.S. space agency, and may allow closer space cooperation between the U.S. and China.